Blood Transfusion Reaction(Complications)

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Prompt recognition of an immune-mediated transfusion reaction is fundamental to improving patient outcome. Immune-mediated transfusion reactions can be classified as acute or delayed. Acute reactions occur within 24 hours of transfusion and include acute hemolytic, febrile nonhemolytic, allergic, and transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). Delayed reactions occur days to weeks after the transfusion and include delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions, transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease, and post-transfusion purpura. Prompt recognition of an immune-mediated transfusion reaction is fundamental to improving patient outcome. Although infrequent, nonimmune transfusion reactions, including hemolysis, transfusion-associated sepsis, and circulatory overload, should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions are most often the result of clerical error. Identification is critical because of the high probability of a second patient receiving the wrong blood product at the same time. Treatment depends upon the type of transfusion reaction. Although pretransfusion prophylactic acetaminophen and diphenhydramine are often routinely administered, there is little evidence to support this practice.

Symptoms:

Laboratory Test Procedures:

skin rash
itching
fever
chills
difficulty breathing
low blood pressure
confusion
fast heartbeat
nausea
pain in the lower back
chest pain
dark urine

Bicarbonate (CO2)
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)
RBC
Anisocytosis
Total Bilirubin
Ferritin
Iron, Serum
ABO grouping
LDH Lactate dehydrogenase
Potassium
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All information on this page is intended for your general knowledge only and does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See Additional Information