Published: 18 Jun 2025

ICD9: 153.5      ICD10: C18.1      ICD11: 2B90

"Colon cancer" and "colorectal cancer" are often used interchangeably, but there's a slight distinction.
Here's the breakdown:

Colorectal cancer: This is the umbrella term that includes all cancers affecting the colon and the rectum.
Colon cancer: This specifically refers to cancer that originates in the colon.

Since the colon and rectum are part of the same digestive system, cancer can affect either or both, and the terms are frequently used together. When someone says "colon cancer," they often mean "colorectal cancer" in general.

Key Points:

Location: The colon is the long, tube-like organ that removes water and some nutrients from partially digested food. The rectum is the final section of the large intestine, connecting the colon to the anus.
Treatment: Treatment for colon and rectal cancer can be similar, but there are some differences depending on the exact location and stage of the cancer.
Screening: Screening for colorectal cancer is crucial for early detection and prevention. Regular screenings (e.g., colonoscopies, stool tests) are recommended starting at age 45 for most people.
Risk factors: Several factors can increase the risk of colorectal cancer, including:
Age
Family history of colorectal cancer or polyps
Personal history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
Certain genetic syndromes
Diet (high in red and processed meats, low in fiber)
Obesity
Smoking
Alcohol consumption
Lack of physical activity

Symptoms:

Symptoms of colorectal cancer can vary depending on the size and location of the tumor. Some common symptoms include:

A persistent change in bowel habits (diarrhea, constipation, or a change in stool consistency)
Rectal bleeding or blood in the stool
Persistent abdominal discomfort (cramps, gas, or pain)
A feeling that your bowel doesn't empty completely
Weakness or fatigue
Unexplained weight loss

Important Note: These symptoms can also be caused by other conditions. If you experience any of these symptoms, it's essential to see a doctor for diagnosis.

In summary: Colorectal cancer is a broad term encompassing cancers of both the colon and rectum, while colon cancer specifically refers to cancer in the colon. Early detection through screening is vital for improving outcomes.