Published: 18 Jun 2025

ICD9: 691.8      ICD10: L20.89      ICD11: EA80

"Eczema" and "Atopic dermatitis" are essentially the same thing.
Atopic dermatitis is the most common type of eczema. Think of "eczema" as a broader category, and "atopic dermatitis" as a specific, and very common, type within that category.

Here's a breakdown:

Eczema: This is a general term for a group of skin conditions that cause inflammation, itching, dryness, and rashes. There are several different types of eczema, including:
Atopic dermatitis (the most common)
Contact dermatitis
Dyshidrotic eczema
Nummular eczema
Seborrheic dermatitis
Stasis dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis: This is a chronic (long-lasting) inflammatory skin condition characterized by:
Intense itching
Dry, scaly, or cracked skin
Rashes, often on the face, elbows, knees, hands, and feet
Thickened, leathery skin (in chronic cases)

Key Characteristics of Atopic Dermatitis:

"Atopic": This refers to a tendency to develop allergic diseases, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis (hay fever), and food allergies. Many people with atopic dermatitis also have one or more of these other atopic conditions.
Itch-Scratch Cycle: The intense itching leads to scratching, which further damages the skin and worsens the inflammation, perpetuating a cycle of itch and scratch.
Barrier Dysfunction: The skin in people with atopic dermatitis often has a compromised barrier function. This means it's less able to retain moisture and protect against irritants and allergens, leading to dryness and increased sensitivity.
Onset: Atopic dermatitis often begins in childhood, sometimes in infancy. While it can improve or even resolve with age, many people continue to experience symptoms throughout their lives.
Triggers: Various factors can trigger or worsen atopic dermatitis, including:
Irritants (e.g., soaps, detergents, certain fabrics)
Allergens (e.g., pollen, pet dander, dust mites, foods)
Stress
Temperature changes
Infections

In summary: If someone says they have "eczema," they very likely mean "atopic dermatitis." However, it's important to clarify with a doctor to get a precise diagnosis and the right treatment plan, because other types of eczema require different approaches.